大家在使用形容词和副词的比较级时最常用的结构是"...than..."和"as...as...或not as/ so...as...",除了这两种结构之外,比较极还有一些特殊的用法,试简要归纳如下:
1. 形容词的比较级前可加数量词。
Cotton output was 2 percent higher than in the previous year. 棉花产量比上一年高了2%。
2. 通常情况下,形容词或副词的比较级前面都不加the,但若对两者进行比较,句中又无than出现,则常用"the+比较级+of+比较范围"结构。
His brother is the taller of the two boys. 他的弟弟是两个孩子中较高的那一个。
3. 使用比较级时要特别注意以下几点。
(1) 比较级的重叠
She is more brighter than all the rest of us.(×)
She is brighter than all the rest of us.(√)
她比我们任何人都聪明。
(2) 比较对象的重叠
Mary is more beautiful than any girl in the class.(×)
Mary is more beautiful than any other girl in the class.(√)
玛莉比班里的任何其他女孩都漂亮。
(3) 搭配错误
This book is the same like that one. (×)
This book is the same as that one. (√)
这本书与那本书是一样的。
4. 除"形容词(副词)比较级+than..."结构外,还有以下几种常用句型,这些句型形式相近,但意义相差甚远,使用时应特别注意。
(1)"the+比较级...the+比较级"意为"越……,越……",表示一方的程度会随另一方的改变而改变。
The sooner,the better. 越早越好。
The harder you study, the GREater progress you will make. 你学习越努力,进步就会越大。
The more people you know,the less time you have to see them. 你认识的人越多,见他们的时间就越少。
注:在使用这一结构时,不要将more和后面的形容词、副词或名词分开。
(2)"more than"有时不表示比较关系,而表示"不只是,极其"等含义。
My visit to Beijing was more than sightseeing.我去北京不只是为了观光。
They were more than glad to help.他们非常愿意帮忙。
(3)"more+形容词(副词)原级+than"比较一个事物的两种性质,可译为"与其……不如……",这一结构中的形容词或副词只能用原级,而不能用-er形式。
He is more brave than wise. 他有勇无谋。
除了连接形容词或副词外,"more...than"还可以连接名词。
He is more a poet than a painter.与其说他是画家,倒不如说是诗人。
(4)"no more...than..."="not...any more than..."意为"与……同样不是,与……一样不"。
He is no wiser than me. 他跟我一样都不聪明。
I am no more satisfied than she is. 我和她一样不满意。
(5)"not more...than"意为"……没有……那样……"。
She was not more pleased than I was. 她没有我那样高兴。
(6)"better...than..."引导祈使句,意思是"宁愿……也不……"。
Better die standing than live kneeling. 宁愿站着死,不愿跪着生。
Better an empty purse than an empty head. 宁可钱袋瘪,不要头脑空。
