1.a bit;a little
(1)两者都可以作名词用,这时两者意义和用法相同。例如:
I know a little(a bit)about Mary.我对玛丽了解一点儿。
(2)两者都可以作副词,用来修饰形容词(原级或比较级)或动词。例如:
A:What's the weather like today?今天天气怎样?
B:It's warm but a little(a bit)windy.暖和但是有点儿风。
She is feeling a bit(a little)better than yesterday.她感觉比昨天好一点儿。
It seems hard for her to sleep a bit(a little)in the daytime.对她来说,白天睡会儿觉似乎不容易。
(3)用作形容词作定语时,a little直接修饰不可数名词,而a bit后面需要加of。例如:
Don't hurry!We still have a little(a bit of)time.别急!我们还有一点儿时间。
(4)如果两者的前面加上not,则其意义完全不同。 not a bit有"一点儿也不"的意思,通常用作状语。例如:
The weather is not a bit hot today.今天天气一点儿也不冷。
not a little意为"不少;很多",可用作状语或定语。用作定语时,后接不可数名词。例如:
My mother bought not a little tea the day before yesterday.我妈妈前天买了不少的茶。
注:not a little应理解为much。同样的道理,not a few应理解为many。
2.win;beat;lose;lose to
win和beat都可用作及物动词,作"赢"、"战胜"讲时,其区别主要在于宾语的不同:充当win的宾语的是比赛、战争、奖品、金钱等名词,即race,match,game, competition,war,prize之类的词;充当beat的宾语的则是比赛、竞争的对手,即指人或球队的名词或代词。例如:
He won first prize in the surfing competition.他在冲浪比赛中获得第一。We beat the strongest team in the football match this time.在这次足球赛中我们战胜了最强的那个队。
lose可指失去或丧失某物或某人,或指不再拥有道德或精神方面的某种品质(如confidence,interest,patience等)。例如:She lost her husband in the Iraq war.她在伊拉克战争中失去了丈夫。
Mr Wang lost interest in music.王先生对音乐失去了兴趣。
lose to sb.意为"输给了某人",省略了直接宾语 game,match之类的词。例如:
What a shame!We lost(the game /match)to the girls again.多没面子,我们又输给了女队。
【实战演练】
一、a bit;a little
1.We know _________ about the accident.
2.I am not _________ thirsty now.Would you please bring me _________ water?
二、win;beat;lose;lose to
1.Which team do you think will _________ the basketball match?
2.They played carelessly ,they deserved to _________ the girls.
3.We have full confidence that we'll _________ them this time.
4.Lucy _________ her story-book last night.
参考答案:
一、1.a little /a bit 2.a little,a little
二、1.win 2.lose to 3.beat 4.lost